Toronto, June 25, 2010. The peaceful mass protests against the G20 were largely ignored by the mass media.
By John Riddell and Art Young
September 2, 2010 – Socialist Voice – Two months after the protests against the G20 summit in Toronto
and the accompanying police rampage, it is time for an initial balance
sheet of what was gained and lost.
Some on the left view the experience as entirely positive. In
particular, the Toronto Community Mobilization Network (TCMN) declares
flatly that “the people won”, citing participation by “nearly 40,000
people”, the success of the June 24 march for Indigenous sovereignty,
and the involvement of a wide spectrum of social movements and “over 100
grassroots organizations”. The July 26 TCMN statement
also highlights protesters’ capacity to carry on in the face of arrests
and intimidation, including deployment of almost 20,000 cops and a
formidable array of weaponry, at a cost of more than C$1.2 billion.
These achievements during the week of protests against the G8 and G20
were certainly impressive. They resulted from the work of many forces
including the TCMN; anti-poverty and Indigenous rights activists; the
Council of Canadians, which organised a vigorous rally of 2500 on June
25; and the trade unions that spearheaded a march the next day of
20,000, including 800 members of the United Steelworkers.
These successes reflect a broad, growing, vigorous and innovative
movement that is striving to defend working people against mounting
attacks.
But that isn’t the whole story.
As TCMN’s statement says, “1,090 people have been arrested, thousands
beaten, illegally detained, searched, harassed, and abused.… [O]ver 300
people face criminal prosecutions, [while] politically motivated
targeting continues.” Since the TCMN statement, the police have
continued their witch-hunt, making further arrests and circulating
“most wanted” lists, complete with photos, of alleged ringleaders and
lawbreakers.
The far-reaching repression has been widely condemned by forces
including community activist groups, the Canadian Civil Liberties
Association, a number of trade unions and progressive individuals.
There have been demonstrations, rallies and public statements.
The “Toronto Call,”
issued within days of the mass arrests, demands that all the detainees
be released, that their civil rights be protected, and that there be an
independent public inquiry into the actions of the police. More than
2400 people have now endorsed this call. A similar statement won wide support in Vancouver.
Legal defence of those accused is being coordinated through the Movement Defence Committee and the TCMN.
This vigorous response is encouraging, but it also shows that the
popular movement has been put on the defensive and entangled in a
complex legal struggle in which the forces of repression so far have the
upper hand. Instead of building on the successes of the protests, the
left now must divert its limited resources into defending the victims of
repression.
An August 30 appeal
by the TCMN paints a stark picture: at least 110 of those charged face
very serious conspiracy and counselling charges; two have been denied
bail; 18 granted bail under punitive conditions – under house arrest,
unable to use laptops, cellphones and the internet, banned from
association with loved ones.
We all need to join in building a united and effective defence
effort, demanding the dropping of all G20-related charges. There is a
pressing need to stand together against the repression, rejecting all
attempts to distinguish between “good” and “bad” protesters. We must
contribute generously to the fund drive for legal costs, which the TCMN
reports has so far “only raised a fraction of the funds required.” (For
information on how to contribute, see below.)
Balance sheet
Despite the repression, TCMN still says: “We insist … the people won.” Does reality justify that judgement? We don’t think so.
The rulers and their government and police forces saw the G20 summit
as an opportunity to test new repressive techniques in battle. To
prepare, they assembled an army of cops from multiple cities, fenced off
large sections of Toronto, acquired a wide range of menacing weaponry,
and installed spy cameras throughout the downtown area.
The very fact that they could do those things was a victory for the
cops. But the absurdly excessive “security” mobilisation exposed them
and the federal government to widespread ridicule. Many in Canada viewed
the preparations as an affront to democratic rights and an example of
the Steven Harper government’s widely detested right-wing policies.
As a result, the cops and the government had a strong interest in
“proving” the need for restrictions of freedom of speech, assembly and
movement and in justifying the massive spending for tools of repression.
They sought to disorganise and weaken social movements by using their
new techniques in battle – and to win the contest for public support by
representing themselves as defenders of public safety.
The cops were determined to have a fight, regardless. Their army was
hyped up to attack at the slightest provocation. Even before the June 26
march, cops were invading homes and carting away activists in
handcuffs. Others were arrested in the street “on suspicion” because
they spoke French or were wearing dark-coloured T-shirts.
During the march, a line of cops charged marchers who were peacefully
singing “O Canada”. In a widely publicised incident, a cop seized and
arrested a young protester for the crime of blowing bubbles. These and
many other such incidents revealed the police as brutal violators of
democratic rights.
How could such appalling actions be justified? The police needed a pretext – and such a pretext was handed to them.
‘Radical contingent’
How this unfolded on June 26 was explained by Montreal-based movement organisers Jaggi Singh and Robyn Maynard.
A “radical contingent … occupied a large bloc within the labour
march,” sallying forth in attempts “to break through police lines.” When
this was blocked, the contingent separated from the main march, headed
into Toronto’s financial core, and then up Yonge Street, with “some
engaging in corporate property destruction”, Singh and Maynard report.
“Several police cars were destroyed by protestors as well”, they add.
“Most of the targets are symbols” of corporate greed and pillage.
Most, but not all. A Toronto Star article
described looting and window-breaking directed against small
independent stores owned by immigrants from Afghanistan, China and
Cuba.
This spectacle served the purposes of the authorities all too well.
The 20,000-cop army made no move to halt property damage. Police
officers later told the Toronto Sun
that there was “a clear order from the command centre saying ‘Do not
engage’”. No firefighters were dispatched to douse the dangerously
flaming police vehicles.
When the cops finally moved into action, they arrested hundreds of
peaceful demonstrators who had no connection to the attacks on property.
The brutal repression was sold by the cops and their political bosses
as prudent and necessary in face of the threat to Toronto residents’
life and property.
The media orgy that followed was hypocritical and manipulative. Video
clips of burning patrol cars and individuals breaking windows played
again and again. The mass march and the police brutalisation of peaceful
demonstrators were largely ignored, while the actions of a few
black-garbed figures were portrayed as a grave threat to public safety.
Predictably, government leaders rushed to applaud the actions of the
police. Many Toronto-area working people, whose support the movement
needs to win, accepted the official version of events.
In short, despite the mobilisation against the G20 of several tens of
thousands of working people – immigrants, trade unionists, Indigenous
people, gays and others – it was a good day for the federal and
provincial governments and for the cops. They attained their main goals:
justifying the “security” mobilisation and expense; inflicting lasting
damage on the right of assembly; and disrupting radical movements
through a wave of arrests. The next time Toronto faces a repressive
mobilisation by the authorities, it will be much harder to build a
broad, effective, popular protest.
‘Diversity of tactics’
It is understandable that many protesters were dissatisfied with a
mass labour-sponsored march that had vague, limited goals and demands.
They sought a more effective, more militant form of protest. There are
many ways that this could have been done. But the actions taken by members of the
self-appointed “radical contingent”, whatever their motivation, had a
perverse result, enabling the police to mobilise broad public support
for their brutality and violations of civil liberties.
These issues were foreshadowed in discussions among protest
organisers during the preceding months regarding “diversity of tactics.”
According to Canadian Dimension, organisers of the June 26 labour march “weakly acceded to the demands of ‘radicals’ on diversity of tactics”.
Acceptance of a diversity of viewpoints is a firmly held principle on
the left. In a broad sense, experimenting with diverse strategies and
tactics also makes sense. But in this and many other cases, the term
“diversity of tactics” has been used to impose what activist Steve D’Arcy correctly calls “a taboo against collective discussion and decision-making” on tactics.
The result: a small group carries out provocative actions that are
incompatible with the purpose of a large, peaceful demonstration,
actions that tend to frustrate achievement of the demonstration’s goals
and greatly increase the vulnerability of all concerned to police
repression.
This approach violates elementary principles of movement democracy
and solidarity that are well understood by most radical activists and
consistently applied in other contexts. Progressive movements decide on
policies democratically and then carry them out in a spirit of unity.
And when we face police repression, we maintain a united front and act
in a spirit of mutual responsibility to minimise dangers and frustrate
and discredit attempts by the authorities to violate our rights.
Immigrant rights advocates, in their demonstrations, do not allow
participants to undertake provocative actions that could give the cops a
pretext to victimise undocumented participants. Demonstrators in
solidarity with Palestine do not allow banners that could be used to
slander the action as anti-Semitic. Workers in factory occupations do
not permit freelance destruction of property.
The same approach is needed at high-profile confrontations with police repression such as the G20 protests.
Democratic rights
The G20 protests also raise issues about the role of democratic rights in liberation struggles.
Even under dictatorships, working people and the oppressed strive to
carve out areas of relative freedom within which to develop democratic
activity. The rights that many people in Canada take for granted – to
voice unpopular political views, to form unions, to assemble and engage
in street protests – were won in this fashion. These democratic rights
are precious acquisitions that we must defend tenaciously. The
capitalist rulers claim to uphold them, but in fact they violate them
systematically.
Progressive movements win decisive victories when they demonstrate to
the public a commitment to broadly shared democratic principles that
are under attack by the governments. In this way, movements of an active
minority can win the support of an aroused majority – including,
ultimately, for ousting the capitalist rulers and embarking on
transformative social change.
This sometimes involves audacious defiance of capitalist laws and
property rights. The right to abortion was won in Canada through overt
and successful defiance of the oppressive anti-abortion law, which was
repudiated by every jury asked to convict abortion provider Dr. Henry
Morgentaler. Blacks defeated legal segregation in the US South in
large measure through mass defiance of segregation laws. Road and rail
blockades by Indigenous people in Canada have won important gains.
The key to such victories lies in demonstrating that such actions
defend the democratic principles that are cherished by the vast
majority, principles incompatible with the rulers’ laws and claims to
property.
All social movements seize such opportunities, at least in a small
way, as part of their regular activity. But careful consideration must
be given to the relationship of forces and state of public awareness.
That didn’t happen on June 26.
To be sure, bold gestures can help win public sympathy, but for any
movement for radical change the key to victory lies in opening the door
for ever larger numbers of the victims of capitalism to act in their own
interests. In that sense, the main march on June 26, despite its
deficiencies, pointed the way forward. It was broadly sponsored and
conceived in a manner that could reach beyond the organised left and
link up with a broad range of people who do not normally take part in
protest activity. The crowd who marched, estimated at 20,000, was
without doubt reduced by police intimidation. Yet its numbers indicated a
vast potential.
When opportunities for future marches of this type arise, we must
ensure that they are effectively built, raise clear and militant
demands, and are carried through in a spirit of unity.
Only in this way can progressive movements grow in influence while effectively resisting the threat of repression.
* * *
Donate to Legal Defence Fund: We urge readers to donate generously to the G20 Legal Defence Fund. For information on how to do so, see http://movementdefence.org/defencefund/ or http://g20.torontomobilize.org/support.
[This article first appeared at Canada's Socialist Voice.]
Karen on 14 Sep 2010 at 8:18 pm
Why do you say we shouldn’t fall into the trap of sorting protesters into “good” and “bad” and then clearly go on to depict the black bloc as “bad” protesters? It doesn’t show a lot of solidarity to harshly and publicly criticize comrades for vandalism when people are still facing criminal charges. It feeds into the anti-vandalism, pro-private property hysteria. Why not explain why the black bloc does what it does, for those non-political people who don’t get it? Or is it that you don’t get it yourselves? If you think the black bloc is at G20 summits to entice people into some kind of Trotskyist movement of course you’re wrong. I don’t know what goal a large, peaceful demo could have achieved that you think the black bloc spoiled. Do you think if it weren’t for the black bloc, all of Canada would be rising up in revolution with Das Kapital raised high right in their fists now?
Also, the police needed no “pretext” for the security/repression. The riot cops and chemical weapons etc would have been there regardless – and, obviously, were paid for and deployed long before the summit even started. The arrests resulting in the most serious (conspiracy) charges occurred early in the morning before any windows were broken. Do you think if it weren’t for the black bloc the cops couldn’t find a reason to deploy riot forces and arrest people? If anything, the black bloc showed that the billion-dollar security was totally worthless and UNjustified – and plenty of Canadians have interpreted events that way, blaming cops and not anarchists. They’ve shown more sense than some Marxists in that respect!
mark hollip on 17 Sep 2010 at 1:43 pm
Interesting Article. The march on June 25th was not organized by the Council of Canadians. It was organized by grassroots groups that work tirelessly in the city of Toronto against poverty, for migrant status, against racism, ableism, sexism and homophobia on a day to day basis.
John Riddell and Art Young on 19 Sep 2010 at 12:56 pm
Thanks to Mark Hollip for mentioning the important march on June 25, which, as he says, was organized not by the Council of Canadians but by a coalition of grassroots groups.
Our article referred not to this march but to a different event on the same day, a rally that the Council of Canadians organized that evening in Massey Hall. There were many protests and meetings in the week leading up to the G20 summit; we didn’t attempt to list them all.
Karen says that we “harshly and publicly criticize comrades for vandalism when people are still facing criminal charges.” In fact, our description of the events was quoted from two prominent G20 activists, Jaggi Singh and Robyn Maynard – Jaggi is among those facing G20 charges.
Far from accusing anyone of vandalism, we called for all charges to be dropped immediately. The charges laid by the police form part of a campaign of massive violations of civil liberty and human rights and must therefore be rejected out of hand.
Karen asks, “Do you think if it weren’t for the black bloc the cops couldn’t find a reason to deploy riot forces and arrest people?” We note Karen’s agreement that the cops utilized the “black bloc” to justify their actions. Without the “black bloc,” would they have found another reason? They certainly would have tried, using police provocateurs to conjure up a supposed “threat.” But that is hazardous for them. They run a big risk of looking ridiculous and being exposed as inciters of violence, as they did in the provocation at Montebello when they masqueraded as protesters and were caught in the act fomenting violence.
The point is, why make life easy for them? When they set a trap, why jump in?
Let us be careful not to exaggerate the power of the police. We can learn lessons here from the experience of indigenous peoples in Canada, who have repeatedly been able to hold off the police and army in confrontations, even when the protesters were occupying contested land, barricading roads, or exercising the right of armed self-defense.
Faced with the constant threat of cop attacks, indigenous protesters generally display unity and take great care in their choice of tactics, in order to make clear that they are simply defending their human rights. In doing so, they have been able to win greater support from other victims of capitalism, and this in turn has limited the ability of the state to use its repressive apparatus against them. Surely we should learn from their example.
Karen asks why we do not “explain the black bloc.” But this is hardly our responsibility. Those who support the actions of what Singh and Maynard call the “radical contingent” need to explain what its goals were and what was the rationale for its conduct. This can provide the basis for a reasoned discussion among different components of the anti-capitalist movement – a discussion that is sadly lacking today. As things stand, we can only see the results of the Black Bloc’s actions. These, in our view, were damaging to the movement.
Karen says, “I don’t know what goal a large, peaceful demo could have achieved.” Such an action can have many goals, but the one most relevant to our discussion is to show that masses of working people and victims of oppression in Canada can rally against the cop army and the G20’s reactionary agenda and demonstrate effectively the danger to human rights posed by the cop mobilization.
That is a goal worth pursuing together.